Reconnaissance

Passive reconnaissance

Passive reconnaissance is the process of collecting information in a covert manner about an intended target without the target knowing what is occurring. Mainly is done searching information about the target on the Internet (Google, Linkedin, etc) and also searching for metadata (i.e. domain registers information, OSINT tools, etc).

Sites for passive reconnaissance

• https://shodan.io
• https://censys.io
• https://pastebin.com
• https://gist.github.com/search
• https://sitereport.netcraft.com/
• https://hunter.io Email recon
• https://www.netdb.io/ IOT search engine
• https://securitytrails.com/dns-trails DNS subdomains recon
• https://securityheaders.com/ HTTP headers recon
• https://www.wigle.net/ WIFI
• https://www.kitterman.com/spf/validate.html Validate SMTP SPF fields
• https://www.fraudmarc.com/dmarc-check Validate SMTP SPF/DMARC policies
• https://mxtoolbox.com/DMARC.aspx Validate SMTP SPF/DMARC policies
• https://dmarcian.com/dmarc-inspector/ Validate SMTP DMARC policy
• https://crt.sh Certificate Transparency Site
• Google Dorks

NIC databases:

• RIPE https://apps.db.ripe.net/db-web-ui/query
• ARIN http://whois.arin.net/ui/
• FCC https://www.fcc.gov/oet/ea/fccid

Commands

Direct lookup:

whois $DOMAIN

Reverse lookup:

whois $IP

Sniff network data (inside the target network):

wireshark

tcpdump -X -i $IFACE

Google hacks

"company|address" inurl:ip-address-lookup
"company|address" inurl:domaintools

OSINT Frameworks

• Maltego https://www.paterva.com/web7/downloads.php
• theHarvester https://gbhackers.com/theharvester-information-gathering-tool/

theHarvester -d $DOMAIN -l 300 -b google

Active reconnaissance

Commands to execute inside the network to get which hosts are up and perform later on a port scanning to enumerate services (See Enumeration):

nmap -sn -PE $IP/24

netdiscover -r $IP/24

crackmapexec -t 100 $IP/24